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Build a IR Thermal Imaging Camera using Wio Terminal

Overview

With Grove - Infrared Temperature Sensor Array (AMG8833) and Wio Terminal, we can build a low cost FLIR™ like Thermal Imagining camera with ease! To set you back a little, the resolution of the Grove - Infrared Temperature Sensor Array (AMG8833) is only 8 x 8 (64 Pixels), which in some cases is good enough. So Linear Interpolation is used in the code to expand to 70 x 70 (4900 Pixels) for a much better indications.

This demo is inspired by Kris Kasprzak's video. Several modifications were made to make it compatible with Wio Terminal and Grove - Infrared Temperature Sensor Array (AMG8833). Most Graphics are now first drawn to TFT LCD Sprites first to improve overall performance and faster frame rate. Also added a crosshair in the middle of screen and showing the temperature at the crosshair.

Part List

Features

  • Indicating the exact temperature at crosshair

  • IR Thermal Camera sensing thermal objects

  • Right button to enable grid ON/OFF functionality

Arduino libraries needed

  • Install the LCD screen Library Seeed_Arduino_LCD, please visit Wio Terminal LCD for more information.

  • Visit the Seeed_AMG8833 repositories and download the entire repo to your local drive.

    • Now, the Seeed_AMG8833 library can be installed to the Arduino IDE. Open the Arduino IDE, and click sketch -> Include Library -> Add .ZIP Library, and choose the Seeed_AMG8833 file that you've have just downloaded.

Arduino Instructions

  • Plug in the the Grove - Infrared Temperature Sensor Array (AMG8833) to the Grove I2C Interface of Wio Terminal.

  • Download the Complete code here or copy the following.

  • Upload the code.

Complete Code

Note: To boost up performance and frame rate of this IR Thermal Imaging Camera, you can boost the Wio Terminal CPU Speed to 200MHz. Select Tools -> CPU Speed -> 200MHz(Overclock)


/*

This program is for upsizing an 8 x 8 array of thermal camera readings
it will size up by 10x and display to a 240 x 320
interpolation is linear and "good enough" given the display is a 5-6-5 color palet
Total final array is an array of 70 x 70 of internal points only

Revisions
1.0 Kasprzak Initial code
1.1 Anson(Seeed Studio) Adapted to Wio Terminal with Grove - Infrared Sensor(AMG8833)

*/

#include <Seeed_AMG8833_driver.h>
#include <TFT_eSPI.h> // Include the graphics library (this includes the sprite functions)

TFT_eSPI tft = TFT_eSPI();
TFT_eSprite Display = TFT_eSprite(&tft); // Create Sprite object "img" with pointer to "tft" object
// the pointer is used by pushSprite() to push it onto the TFT

unsigned long CurTime;

uint16_t TheColor;
// start with some initial colors
uint16_t MinTemp = 25;
uint16_t MaxTemp = 35;

// variables for interpolated colors
byte red, green, blue;

// variables for row/column interpolation
byte i, j, k, row, col, incr;
float intPoint, val, a, b, c, d, ii;
byte aLow, aHigh;

// size of a display "pixel"
byte BoxWidth = 3;
byte BoxHeight = 3;

int x, y;
char buf[20];

// variable to toggle the display grid
int ShowGrid = -1;

// array for the 8 x 8 measured pixels
float pixels[64];

// array for the interpolated array
float HDTemp[80][80];

// create the camara object
AMG8833 ThermalSensor;

//Toggle the grid on and off
void toggleGrid() {
ShowGrid = ShowGrid *-1;
Display.fillRect(15, 15, 210, 210, TFT_BLACK);
yield();
}

void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);

// start the display and set the background to black
tft.begin();
tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

//Interrupt to toggle Gird on and off
pinMode(WIO_KEY_A, INPUT);
attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(WIO_KEY_A), toggleGrid, FALLING);

// set display rotation (you may need to change to 0 depending on your display
tft.setRotation(3);

// show a splash screen

tft.setCursor(20, 20);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_BLUE, TFT_BLACK);
tft.print("Thermal ");

tft.setTextColor(TFT_RED, TFT_BLACK);
tft.print("Camera");

// let sensor boot up
bool status = ThermalSensor.init();
delay(100);

if (!status) {
Serial.print("Failed to initalized AMG8833");
}

// read the camera for initial testing
ThermalSensor.read_pixel_temperature(pixels);

// check status and display results
if (pixels[0] < 0) {
while (1) {
tft.setCursor(20, 40);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_RED, TFT_BLACK);
tft.print("Readings: FAIL");
delay(500);
}
}
else {
tft.setCursor(20, 40);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_GREEN, TFT_BLACK);
tft.print("Readings: OK");
delay(2000);
}

tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

Display.createSprite(TFT_HEIGHT, TFT_WIDTH);
Display.fillSprite(TFT_BLACK);

// get the cutoff points for the color interpolation routines
// note this function called when the temp scale is changed
Getabcd();

// draw a legend with the scale that matches the sensors max and min
DrawLegend();

}

void loop() {
CurTime = millis();

// draw a large white border for the temperature area
Display.fillRect(10, 10, 220, 220, TFT_WHITE);

// read the sensor
ThermalSensor.read_pixel_temperature(pixels);

// now that we have an 8 x 8 sensor array
// interpolate to get a bigger screen
// interpolate the 8 rows (interpolate the 70 column points between the 8 sensor pixels first)
for (row = 0; row < 8; row ++) {
for (col = 0; col < 70; col ++) {
// get the first array point, then the next
// also need to bump by 8 for the subsequent rows
aLow = col / 10 + (row * 8);
aHigh = (col / 10) + 1 + (row * 8);
// get the amount to interpolate for each of the 10 columns
// here were doing simple linear interpolation mainly to keep performace high and
// display is 5-6-5 color palet so fancy interpolation will get lost in low color depth
intPoint = (( pixels[aHigh] - pixels[aLow] ) / 10.0 );
// determine how much to bump each column (basically 0-9)
incr = col % 10;
// find the interpolated value
val = (intPoint * incr ) + pixels[aLow];
// store in the 70 x 70 array
// since display is pointing away, reverse row to transpose row data
HDTemp[ (7 - row) * 10][col] = val;

}
}

// now that we have raw data with 70 columns
// interpolate each of the 70 columns
// forget Arduino..no where near fast enough..Teensy at > 72 mhz is the starting point

for (col = 0; col < 70; col ++) {
for (row = 0; row < 70; row ++) {
// get the first array point, then the next
// also need to bump by 8 for the subsequent cols
aLow = (row / 10 ) * 10;
aHigh = aLow + 10;
// get the amount to interpolate for each of the 10 columns
// here were doing simple linear interpolation mainly to keep performace high and
// display is 5-6-5 color palet so fancy interpolation will get lost in low color depth
intPoint = (( HDTemp[aHigh][col] - HDTemp[aLow][col] ) / 10.0 );
// determine how much to bump each column (basically 0-9)
incr = row % 10;
// find the interpolated value
val = (intPoint * incr ) + HDTemp[aLow][col];
// store in the 70 x 70 array
HDTemp[ row ][col] = val;
}
}


//display the 70 x 70 array
DisplayGradient();

//Crosshair in the middle of the screen
Display.drawCircle(115, 115, 5, TFT_WHITE);
Display.drawFastVLine(115, 105, 20, TFT_WHITE);
Display.drawFastHLine(105, 115, 20, TFT_WHITE);

//Push the Sprite to the screen
Display.pushSprite(0, 0);

//Displaying the temp at the middle of the Screen
tft.setRotation(3);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE);
tft.drawFloat(HDTemp[35][35], 2, 90, 20);

//Uncomment this to print out frame rate
Serial.print("Frame rate: "); Serial.println(1/(0.001*(millis() - CurTime)));

}

// function to display the results
void DisplayGradient() {

tft.setRotation(4);

// rip through 70 rows
for (row = 0; row < 70; row ++) {

// fast way to draw a non-flicker grid--just make every 10 pixels 2x2 as opposed to 3x3
// drawing lines after the grid will just flicker too much
if (ShowGrid < 0) {
BoxWidth = 3;
}
else {
if ((row % 10 == 9) ) {
BoxWidth = 2;
}
else {
BoxWidth = 3;
}
}
// then rip through each 70 cols
for (col = 0; col < 70; col++) {

// fast way to draw a non-flicker grid--just make every 10 pixels 2x2 as opposed to 3x3
if (ShowGrid < 0) {
BoxHeight = 3;
}
else {
if ( (col % 10 == 9)) {
BoxHeight = 2;
}
else {
BoxHeight = 3;
}
}
// finally we can draw each the 70 x 70 points, note the call to get interpolated color
Display.fillRect((row * 3) + 15, (col * 3) + 15, BoxWidth, BoxHeight, GetColor(HDTemp[row][col]));
}
}

}

// my fast yet effective color interpolation routine
uint16_t GetColor(float val) {

/*
pass in value and figure out R G B
several published ways to do this I basically graphed R G B and developed simple linear equations
again a 5-6-5 color display will not need accurate temp to R G B color calculation

equations based on
http://web-tech.ga-usa.com/2012/05/creating-a-custom-hot-to-cold-temperature-color-gradient-for-use-with-rrdtool/index.html

*/

red = constrain(255.0 / (c - b) * val - ((b * 255.0) / (c - b)), 0, 255);

if ((val > MinTemp) & (val < a)) {
green = constrain(255.0 / (a - MinTemp) * val - (255.0 * MinTemp) / (a - MinTemp), 0, 255);
}
else if ((val >= a) & (val <= c)) {
green = 255;
}
else if (val > c) {
green = constrain(255.0 / (c - d) * val - (d * 255.0) / (c - d), 0, 255);
}
else if ((val > d) | (val < a)) {
green = 0;
}

if (val <= b) {
blue = constrain(255.0 / (a - b) * val - (255.0 * b) / (a - b), 0, 255);
}
else if ((val > b) & (val <= d)) {
blue = 0;
}
else if (val > d) {
blue = constrain(240.0 / (MaxTemp - d) * val - (d * 240.0) / (MaxTemp - d), 0, 240);
}

// use the displays color mapping function to get 5-6-5 color palet (R=5 bits, G=6 bits, B-5 bits)
return Display.color565(red, green, blue);

}

// function to get the cutoff points in the temp vs RGB graph
void Getabcd() {

a = MinTemp + (MaxTemp - MinTemp) * 0.2121;
b = MinTemp + (MaxTemp - MinTemp) * 0.3182;
c = MinTemp + (MaxTemp - MinTemp) * 0.4242;
d = MinTemp + (MaxTemp - MinTemp) * 0.8182;

}

// function to draw a legend
void DrawLegend() {

//color legend with max and min text
j = 0;

float inc = (MaxTemp - MinTemp ) / 160.0;

for (ii = MinTemp; ii < MaxTemp; ii += inc) {
tft.drawFastHLine(260, 200 - j++, 30, GetColor(ii));
}

tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.setCursor(245, 20);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);
sprintf(buf, "%2d/%2d", MaxTemp, (int) (MaxTemp * 1.8) + 32);
tft.print(buf);

tft.setTextSize(2);
tft.setCursor(245, 210);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);
sprintf(buf, "%2d/%2d", MinTemp, (int) (MinTemp * 1.8) + 32);
tft.print(buf);

}

// END OF CODE
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